PERIODONTOLOGY
Definition:
Periodontology is the study of the histology, physiology and surround the teeth and of the therapy and prevention of the diseases affecting these tissues.
Diseases: Periodontal diseases includes -
i. Gingivity
ii. Pocket
iii. Periodontist
iv. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
v. Periodontal traumatism
Figure: Gingivity
The etiological factors for periodontal diseases:
The local factors such as calculus, irregularities of teeth, improper tooth brushing, caries etc that produce gingival injury break the protective seal of the epithelial attachment and the crevicular epithelium.
Systemic factors: The systemic factors are includes
i. Metabolic
ii. Nutritional and
iii. Hormonal
iv. Renal
v. Neurological
vi. Drug
vii. Blood related diseases etc
- produce periodontal diseases.
Clinical signs and symptom of periodontal diseases:
i. Change in color in gingival
ii. Alteration of form and surface texture
iii. Decrease in density of gingival
iv. Bleeding on brushing
v. Foul smelling from mouth
vi. Recession of gingival margin
vii. Mobility of tooth
Periodontology is the study of the histology, physiology and surround the teeth and of the therapy and prevention of the diseases affecting these tissues.
Diseases: Periodontal diseases includes -
i. Gingivity
ii. Pocket
iii. Periodontist
iv. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
v. Periodontal traumatism
Figure: Gingivity
The etiological factors for periodontal diseases:
The local factors such as calculus, irregularities of teeth, improper tooth brushing, caries etc that produce gingival injury break the protective seal of the epithelial attachment and the crevicular epithelium.
Systemic factors: The systemic factors are includes
i. Metabolic
ii. Nutritional and
iii. Hormonal
iv. Renal
v. Neurological
vi. Drug
vii. Blood related diseases etc
- produce periodontal diseases.
Clinical signs and symptom of periodontal diseases:
i. Change in color in gingival
ii. Alteration of form and surface texture
iii. Decrease in density of gingival
iv. Bleeding on brushing
v. Foul smelling from mouth
vi. Recession of gingival margin
vii. Mobility of tooth
Gingivity
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Figure: Gingivity (before treatment )
Treatment of periodontal diseases:
i. Remove the etological factors by the following ways
a. Instruction of proper oral hygienic method
b. Remove the calculus by scalling and polishing
c. Deep curettage of the deep pocket
d. Surgical removal of the hyper plastic gingiva
ii. Correction of the systemic problem by replacement therapy
iii. Gingivoplasty
iv. Local ostectomy
Figure: Gingivity (before treatment )
Treatment of periodontal diseases:
i. Remove the etological factors by the following ways
a. Instruction of proper oral hygienic method
b. Remove the calculus by scalling and polishing
c. Deep curettage of the deep pocket
d. Surgical removal of the hyper plastic gingiva
ii. Correction of the systemic problem by replacement therapy
iii. Gingivoplasty
iv. Local ostectomy
Figure: Gingivity ( after treatment)
Diagnostic feature of periodontal diseases -
i. Presence of deep periodontal pockets
ii. Irregular loss of alveolar bone, which may affect selected to structure or may be defuse
iii. Migration of tooth
iv. Apparent rapid and clinically unexplained development of the pathosis
Responsibilities of Dentists toward their patients regarding periodontal diseases:
1. They should be familiar with the different periodontal disorders and be able to make a differential diagnosis.
2. They should be expert in giving the care necessary to prevent periodontal diseases
3. They should seek expert assistance in treating their patient
Suggestions for avoiding the periodontal diseases:
a. Regular maintain of oral hygiene by proper tooth brushing, rinseing by avoiding taking soft sticky food
b. Regular check up by dentist every six months interval
c. Control of systemic diseases which are related to periodontal problems such as diabetic, mellitus, collagen diseases etc.